Directory Structure

With a slash the highest level of the hierarchical directory structure begins, this is the root directory. The name should not be confused with the root folder of the administrator. The root folder of the administrator is located in the root directory and is assigned to the root account (or superuser account).

Contains the binaries of the system commands, these programs can be executed by all users.

The static files needed to boot the system (bootloader). Additionally, some configuration files, such as for the current kernel, are located in this directory.

This directory contains the files for the devices to ensure the connections to the hardware.

The other configuration and information files can be found here.

Every registered user, except the root user, more precisely the system administrator, has his or her personal directory in this home directory. This is the personal working environment where data can be edited and saved. The home directory is usually displayed as a tilde (~/user).

The dynamic libraries required by the system are located in this directory, kernel modules are also located here.

Partitions, for example a USB flash drive, can be mounted in this directory.

Commercial or optional programs with their own libraries that do not directly belong to the system are stored in this directory.

The pseudo file system only exists at runtime, it contains information about running processes and hardware resources. Commands enable the display and management of system and process information.

This is the home directory of the system administrator (root user). For security reasons, this directory is not in the home directory of the usual users, and for the same reasons, the root user should only be used for maintenance work.

Binary files for necessary system commands are located in this directory. Commands can only be executed with root privileges or superuser privileges.

This pseudo file system is similar to /proc, it stores device information and kernel data related to the hardware.

Temporary files are stored in this folder, and they are completely deleted when the machine is rebooted.

The directory User System Resources is divided into several subdirectories worth mentioning. Here you will find additional user commands, libraries and system commands. This directory can be used by multiple computers in a network.

User commands and application programs are located in this directory.

Header files for the compiler are located in this directory.

Additional program libraries are stored here.

The same structure as the parent directory /usr. Among other things, for installing programs outside the package management.

Optional system commands and system utilities.

Files that are not bound to the architecture.

Source code of the Linux system kernel, the exact path is /usr/src/kernels/3.10.0-862.11.6.el7.x86_64 (CentOS, Red Hat) The kernel name may be different depending on the version and distribution.

Fluctuating data and directories that are created during the processing of programs.

The cache for data.

Variable status information, these change during runtime.

Variable data related to installed programs from the directory /usr/local.

Lock files for devices and resources prevent data loss when used by multiple users.

The log files are generally located here.

Storage for variable data related to programs from the directory /opt.

Directory for files of running processes like process identifier (PID).

The files for queued processes are located in this area, including print jobs and email sending jobs.

Temporary files that are not deleted during reboot, as is the case in the parent root directory /tmp.

This directory is not a standard directory. This directory is the root directory for the common web servers Apache or NGINX.